[125] The Financial Times' report was promptly denied by Putin's spokesman. Bashar Decorato di Gran Cordone", ATTO CAMERA INTERROGAZIONE A RISPOSTA SCRITTA 4/17085, "Gobierno Nacional condecoró al Presidente sirio con Orden del Libertador", "President Michel Suleiman hosts Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and Saudi King Abdullah bin Abdel Aziz", "Iran Awards Syrian Leader Highest Medal of Honor", "Syrian President Awarded Iran's Medal of Honor", Bashar's First Year: From Ophthalmology to a National Vision, The Resilience of Authoritarian Rule in Syria under Hafez and Bashar Al-Asad, Bashar al-Assad collected news and commentary, "Bashar al-Assad collected news and commentary", "Interview With Syrian President Bashar al-Assad", National Council for the Revolutionary Command, Ba'athist Arabization campaigns in North Iraq, General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries, Arab Socialist Revolutionary Ba'ath Party, National Alliance for the Liberation of Syria, Khalid bin Khalifa bin Abdul Aziz Al Thani, National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces, National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change, Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–2013), Rif Dimashq offensive (Nov 2012-Feb 2013), East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (Apr-May), September Urum al-Kubra aid convoy attack, Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate, Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflict, Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region, Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria, International demonstrations and protests, First Northern Syria Demilitarization Deal, Second Northern Syria Demilitarization Deal, Fourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference, International recognition of the Syrian National Council, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bashar_al-Assad&oldid=1024595493, Members of the National Command of the Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction), Members of the Regional Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region, People indicted for crimes against humanity, Articles lacking reliable references from October 2019, Articles with Italian-language sources (it), Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected biographies of living people, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Articles lacking reliable references from June 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2021, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Highest rank in the Order of the Legion of Honor in the Republic of France. He kept us busy with chemical weapons when he massacred his people. [298], Left-wing support for Assad has been split since the start of the Syrian Civil War;[299] the Assad government has been accused of cynically manipulating sectarian identity and anti-imperialism to continue its worst activities. Wehbe released a children's album titled Babe Haifa in March 2010 under Rotana Records. [215][216] They also reportedly helped Syria develop a suspected nuclear reactor in the Deir ez-Zor Governorate. "Malikat Jamal Al Kawn" (MJK; English: "Miss Universe") was released on May 8, 2012 under Rotana Records, where she worked with Aphex Twin. Wehbe said she was aware of the efforts to ban her from performing at the concert but had chosen to ignore their attempts to silence her. Bryan Administration Building (FPMC A-Building) jalbert@irsc.edu. ", "Disgraced U.K. politician's visit to Syria raises eyebrows back home", "Syria's Assad meets far-right Belgian politician", "Syria Defies Russia in Bid to Keep Assad", "French far-right politician slammed for selfie with Bashar al-Assad", "Israeli Communist Party supports Bashar Assad – in Arabic only - +972 Magazine", "North Korean leader offers support to Assad | DW | 20.11.2012", "Venezuela congratulated by Bashar Al Assad in Syrian presidential victory", "syriatimes.sy – President Assad Receives Congratulations from President Bouteflika on Winning Elections", "الوكالة العربية السورية للأنباء - Syrian Arab News Agency", "President al-Assad receives congratulatory cable from South African President Zuma", "syriatimes.sy – Nicaragua's Ortega Congratulates President Al-Assad on Winning Elections", "Iran Increases Aid to PFLP Thanks to Syria Stance – Al-Monitor: the Pulse of the Middle East", "Pro-Assad Palestinians call for Yarmouk truce", "President al-Assad receives congratulatory letter from President Abbas", "Abbas congratulates Al-Assad for re-election as Syrian president", "Abbas says he backs Syria's "war against terrorism, "President Assad receives Congratulations from the President of Belarus: Confidence in Syria Elimination of Current Crisis", "Syria's Assads Turned to West for Glossy P.R. In 1994, after his elder brother Bassel died in a car crash, Bashar was recalled to Syria to take over Bassel's role as heir apparent. [118], In November 2015, Assad reiterated that a diplomatic process to bring the country's civil war to an end could not begin while it was occupied by "terrorists", although it was considered by BBC News to be unclear whether he meant only ISIL or Western-supported rebels as well. Zain Al-Turk. [296] In 2016, Assad met with a French delegation,[297] which included former leader of the youth movement of the National Front Julien Rochedy [fr]. Egypt severed all relations with Syria in June 2013. [165][166], Nadim Shehadi, the director of The Fares Center for Eastern Mediterranean Studies, stated that "In the early 1990s, Saddam Hussein was massacring his people and we were worried about the weapons inspectors," and claimed that "Assad did that too. According to a report by U.N. investigators, North Korea provided the Syrian government with acid-resistant tiles, valves, and thermometers. [225], During the Iraq War, the Assad government was accused of training jihadis and facilitating their passage into Iraq, with these infiltration routes remaining active until the Syrian Civil War; US General Jack Keane has stated that "Al Qaeda fighters who are back in Syria, I am confident, they are relying on much they learned in moving through Syria into Iraq for more than five years when they were waging war against the U.S. and Iraq Security Assistance Force". [88][89][90], By the end of January 2012, it was reported by Reuters that over 5,000 civilians and protesters (including armed militants) had been killed by the Syrian army, security agents and militia (Shabiha), while 1,100 people had been killed by "terrorist armed forces". He was quoted as saying, "Is there really an entity called al-Qaeda? [34], In January 2012, Wehbe tweeted that she loves all her fans including her "gay fan base". "[99], In 2015, several members of the Assad family died in Latakia under unclear circumstances. [100] This included remarks made by Douraid al-Assad, cousin of Bashar al-Assad, demanding the resignation of the Syrian Defence Minister, Fahd Jassem al-Freij, following the massacre by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant of hundreds of government troops captured after the ISIL victory at Tabqa Airbase. [339], On 8 March 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Syria, Assad and his wife both tested positive for COVID-19 according to the presidential office. [159], Foreign Policy magazine released an editorial on Assad's position in the wake of the 2011 protests:[160]. However, he said that he was still open to a political solution saying that failed attempts at a solution "does not mean we are not interested in a political solution. [4] As a result of the motion, Wehbe performed in Bahrain with more modest dress, wearing a long green gown with a low V-neckline during the performance.[4]. [18] During her pregnancy, she returned to Lebanon and separated from Fayyad, with whom she had one daughter, Zeinab.[19]. Performing and Visual Arts. [54], To establish his credentials in the military, Bashar entered the military academy at Homs in 1994 and was propelled through the ranks to become a colonel of the elite Syrian Republican Guard in January 1999. #Askhaifa ? In 2018, the United Nations exposed North Korea for their facilitation of Syria's development of chemical weapons. [93] In July 2012, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov denounced Western powers for what he said amounted to blackmail thus provoking a civil war in Syria. The minimum age requirement for the presidency was lowered from 40 to 34, which was Bashar's age at the time. So... the government and its loyal forces have been able to deter all but the most resolute and fearless oppositional activists. [53] Over the next six and a half years, until his death in 2000, Hafez prepared Bashar for taking over power. As a result of this campaign, many of Bashar's potential rivals for president were put on trial for corruption. [39], Wehbe was ranked 8th in the 2006 Edition of the Top 99 Most Desirable Women by the website AskMen.com.[40]. In 1970, Hafez al-Assad, Bashar's father, seized power after rising through the ranks of the Syrian armed forces, during which time he established a network of loyal Alawites by installing them in key posts. [10] Among the guests at the wedding party were singer Anastacia, Carmen Electra,[21][22] Sean Combs, Googoosh, Nawal Al Zoghbi, Najwa Karam, Ragheb Alama, and Sherine. [13], In 2018, she starred in an Egyptian drama Lanaat Karma. [222] In 2003, Assad said in an interview with a Kuwaiti newspaper that he doubted the organization of al-Qaeda even existed. [217] The supposed nuclear reactor was destroyed by the Israeli Air Force in 2007 during Operation Orchard. Instructional Aide. Al-Assad in Arabic means "the Lion". [33][36] After the revolution, Alawite strongmen were installed while Sunnis, Druze, and Ismailis were removed from the army and Ba'ath party. [73] Opposition parties were not allowed in the country and Assad was the only candidate in the referendum. Student Development. [84][85], In August, the cartoonist Ali Farzat, a critic of Assad's government, was attacked. Bashar Hafez al-Assad was born in Damascus on 11 September 1965, the second son and third child of Anisa Makhlouf and Hafez al-Assad. in Wehbe's song "Baba Fein" (from her unreleased 2010 kids' album) seemed to refer to Nubians as "monkeys". [269], In 2014, the Christian Syriac Military Council, the largest Christian organization in Syria, allied with the Free Syrian Army opposed to Assad,[270] joining other Syrian Christian militias such as the Sutoro who had joined the Syrian opposition against the Assad government. He entered the military academy, taking charge of the Syrian military presence in Lebanon in 1998. [218] Following the airstrike, Syria wrote a letter to Secretary-General of the United Nations Ban Ki-moon calling the incursion a "breach of airspace of the Syrian Arab Republic" and "not the first time Israel has violated" Syrian airspace. [172] Several months later, a joint report from the United Nations and international chemical weapons inspectors found the attack was the work of the Assad regime. During its decades of rule... the Assad family developed a strong political safety net by firmly integrating the military into the government. Welcome to Videojug! [41][39][42] The Assad children reportedly rarely saw their father,[43] and Bashar later stated that he only entered his father's office once while he was president. [28], Wehbe claimed once that she was born in 1976, a date repeated by numerous sources. He also said Hamas would disappear if peace was brought to the Middle East. Browse Pages. ", "People are outraged over this Lebanese singer's homophobic post", "مُنعت أعلام المثليين في حفل نانسي عجرم بالسويد.. فاستغلت هيفاء وهبي حرب المؤيدين والمعارضين وأعلنت موقفها منهم", "Haifa Wehbe just showed support to the LGBT community ... with fashion", "Hezbollah chief wins unlikely fan in pop diva", "Lebanese star Haifa Wehbe promotes Ramadan TV show with seductive photo", Head of Egypt's censorship board resigns after dispute over showing bombshell's steamy film, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Haifa_Wehbe&oldid=1025274207, Articles with dead external links from July 2018, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected biographies of living people, Articles that may contain original research from June 2015, All articles that may contain original research, Articles lacking reliable references from June 2015, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2015, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 26 May 2021, at 17:50. [citation needed], In August 2014, she announced that she would be releasing a new song titled "Breathing You In" along with a video clip featuring Casper Smart. Judaism, on the other hand, is a religion which can be attributed to all races. Turnout was estimated to be 73.42% of eligible voters, including those in rebel-controlled areas. Some in the more conservative Arab countries deem her revealing outfits as scandalous. Does it exist now?" [233] A Jane's Defence Weekly database analysis claimed that only a small percentage of the Syrian government's attacks were targeted at ISIS in 2014. ", "Syrian forces beat up political cartoonist Ali Ferzat", "Prominent Syrian Cartoonist Attacked, Beaten", "Russian vetoes are putting UN security council's legitimacy at risk, says US", "Russia won't back U.N. call for Syria's Assad to go", Russia and China veto draft Security Council resolution on Syria, "Syria death toll hits 5,000 as insurgency spreads", "Syria's Assad blames 'foreign conspiracy, "Syria claims 90% of voters backed reforms in referendum", "Russia backs Assad as fighting in Damascus escalates", "Syrian death toll tops 19,000, say activists", "Al-Assad: Enemies of Syria 'will go to hell, "Bashar Assad may be weaker than he thinks", "Pro-government Syrian activist arrested after rare public dissent", "Assad's army stretched but still seen strong in Syria's war", "Activists Say Assad Supporters Protest in Syria", "Assad dismisses security chief of powerful 'Branch 40, "Syria's Alawites Pay Heavy Price as They Bury Sons", "Car bomb wounds 37 in government-held area of Syria's Homs", "Alawites find their voice against Assad", "In Syria's war, Alawites pay heavy price for loyalty to Bashar al-Assad", "Assad relative assassinated in Syria: activists", "Syria: Bashar al-Assad arrests own cousin Munther 'for kidnapping links, "Can Syria's Assad withstand latest battlefield setbacks? [320] In a separate e-mail leak several months later by the Supreme Council of the Syrian Revolution, which were published by The Guardian, it was revealed that Assad's consultants had coordinated with an Iranian government media advisor. This war economy – to which Western sanctions have inadvertently contributed – is creating incentives for some Syrians to prolong the conflict and making it harder to end it. [152][153] In addition, some 600 Lebanese political prisoners are thought to be held in government prisons since the Syrian occupation of Lebanon, with some held for as long as over 30 years. In 2001, Assad condemned the September 11 attacks. [106] In December 2014, the EU banned sales of jet fuel to the Assad government, forcing the government to buy more expensive uninsured jet fuel shipments in the future. [9][10][11][12][13][14] On 16 July 2014, Assad was sworn in for another seven-year term after another non-democratic election gave him 88.7% of the vote. [15] The album features 15 songs, and debuted at No. [271], In June 2014, Assad won a disputed presidential election held in government-controlled areas (and ignored in opposition-held areas[272] and Kurdish areas governed by the Democratic Union Party[273]) with 88.7% of the vote. He also urged refugees to return home from Turkey, while assuring them amnesty and blaming all unrest on a small number of saboteurs. Soon after the death of Bassel, Hafez al-Assad decided to make Bashar the new heir apparent. Assad's paternal grandfather, Ali Sulayman al-Assad, had managed to change his status from peasant to minor notable and, to reflect this, in 1927 he had changed the family name from Wahsh (meaning "Savage") to Al-Assad. [92], On 27 February 2012, Syria claimed that a proposal that a new constitution be drafted received 90% support during the relevant referendum. [141] The London School of Economics has stated that as a result of the Syrian Civil War, a war economy has developed in Syria. [14], In September 2018, Haifa released her seventh studio album, Hawwa. [214], North Korea is alleged to have aided Syria in developing and enhancing a ballistic missiles programme. "[201], According to leaked American cables, Assad called Hamas an "uninvited guest" and said "If you want me to be effective and active, I have to have a relationship with all parties. [187], Although Egypt has not been vocal in support for any sides of Syria's ongoing civil war, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi said in 2016 that his nation's priority is "supporting national armies", which he said included the Syrian Armed Forces. [316][319], At the outset of the Syrian Civil War, Syrian government networks were hacked by the group Anonymous, revealing that an ex-Al Jazeera journalist had been hired to advise Assad on how to manipulate the public opinion of the United States. [50] Bashar had few political aspirations,[51] and his father had been grooming Bashar's older brother Bassel as the future president. [78] On 18 August 2011, Barack Obama issued a written statement that urged Assad to "step aside". The album was produced independently by Wehbe herself, without a record label. Second, Bashar's image was established with the public. [186] However, several days later, Egypt officially denied it has a military presence in Syria. [275] Attempts to hold an election under the circumstances of an ongoing civil war were criticised by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon. [321] In March 2015, an expanded version of the aforementioned leaks was handed to the Lebanese NOW News website and published the following month. Additionally, DPRK missile technicians had been seen inside various Syrian chemical weapons facilities. I didn't speak about Jews," and criticised Western media outlets for misinterpreting his comments. I love all my fans & dont know discrimination. [170], In March 2016, the United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs led by New Jersey Rep. Chris Smith called on the Obama administration to create a war crimes tribunal to investigate and prosecute violations "whether committed by the officials of the Government of Syria or other parties to the civil war". The PYD's Precarious Rise in Syria", "Syria's Minorities: Caught Between Sword Of ISIS And Wrath of Assad", "Bashar Assad Resignation Called For By Syria Sit-In Activists", "Arab League to offer 'safe exit' if Assad resigns", "UN implicates Bashar al-Assad in Syria war crimes", "UN: Syria responsible for sarin attack that killed scores", "Assad tops list of Syria war crimes suspects handed to ICC: former prosecutor", "Assad denies responsibility for Syrian war", "Think Bashar al Assad Is Brutal? Their daughter Zein was born in 2003, followed by their second son Karim in 2004. [120] In an interview with Česká televize on 1 December, he said that the leaders who demanded his resignation were of no interest to him, as nobody takes them seriously because they are "shallow" and controlled by the U.S.[121][122] At the end of December 2015, senior U.S. officials privately admitted that Russia had achieved its central goal of stabilising Syria and, with the expenses relatively low, could sustain the operation at this level for years to come. The Ismāʿīlī (/ ˌ ɪ s m eɪ ˈ ɪ l i /) get their name from their acceptance of Imam Ismaʻil ibn Jafar as the appointed spiritual successor to Ja'far al-Sadiq, wherein they differ from the … [146] A government policy to give preference to families of slain soldiers for government jobs was cancelled after it caused an uproar[104] while rising accusations of corruption caused protests. [131] Following the missile strikes on a Syrian airbase on the orders of President Trump, Assad's spokesperson described the United States' behaviour as "unjust and arrogant aggression" and stated that the missile strikes "do not change the deep policies" of the Syrian government. However, Assad also said the country would not "close doors" to an Arab-brokered solution if "national sovereignty" was respected. Charges filed against Hassan claim he had command responsibility over the facilities and therefore knew of the abuse. [237] Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi disputed such assertions in February 2014, arguing that "ISIS has a record of fighting the regime on multiple fronts", many rebel factions have engaged in oil sales to the Syrian regime because it is "now largely dependent on Iraqi oil imports via Lebanese and Egyptian third-party intermediaries", and while "the regime is focusing its airstrikes [on areas] where it has some real expectations of advancing" claims that it "has not hit ISIS strongholds" are "untrue". [11], Mass protests in Syria began on 26 January 2011. [326][327][328], In October 2014, 27,000 photographs depicting torture committed by the Assad government were put on display at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. [163], In a February 2015 interview with the BBC, Assad described accusations that the Syrian Arab Air Force used barrel bombs as "childish", stating that his forces have never used these types of "barrel" bombs and responded with a joke about not using "cooking pots" either. [138] These sanctions were reinforced in October 2014 by the EU and U.S.[139][140] Industry in parts of the country that are still held by the government is heavily state-controlled, with economic liberalisation being reversed during the current conflict. Four years later, he attended postgraduate studies at the Western Eye Hospital in London, specialising in ophthalmology. Returned by Assad on 20 April 2018. Algeria's cultural minister responded by stating that Wehbe would be banned from performing in Algeria for insulting Algeria and the Algerian people regardless of whether she apologizes. [77][78][79] On 23 May 2011, the EU foreign ministers agreed at a meeting in Brussels to add Assad and nine other officials to a list affected by travel bans and asset freezes. [213] This reaction was in contrast to other leaders of countries affected by the Executive Order who condemned it. [citation needed], Assad's sister, Bushra al-Assad, and mother, Anisa Makhlouf, left Syria in 2012 and 2013, respectively, to live in the United Arab Emirates. Relatives of the humourist told media outlets that the attackers threatened to break Farzat's bones as a warning for him to stop drawing cartoons of government officials, particularly Assad. [107] On 14 March, an influential cousin of Assad and founder of the shabiha, Mohammed Toufic al-Assad, was assassinated with five bullets to the head in a dispute over influence in Qardaha—the ancestral home of the Assad family. 1 on iTunes charts. [38], During the 2006 Israel–Lebanon War, she left her home, in Verdun, Beirut and moved to Egypt for the duration of the conflict. [309] The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine supports the Assad government. David Duke hosted a televised speech on Syrian national television in 2005. [8], Wehbe starred in the Pepsi-produced film Sea of Stars released in early 2008, along with Carole Samaha, Ahmad el Sherif, Wael Kfoury, Brigitte Yaghi, and Ruwaida al-Mahrouqi.[9]. Unemployment now exceeds 50 percent and half of the population lives below the poverty line ... against this backdrop, a war economy is emerging that is creating significant new economic networks and business activities that feed off the violence, chaos, and lawlessness gripping the country. The Ismāʿīlī (/ ˌ ɪ s m eɪ ˈ ɪ l i /) get their name from their acceptance of Imam Ismaʻil ibn Jafar as the appointed spiritual successor to Ja'far al-Sadiq, wherein they differ from the … [303] Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea and Supreme Leader of North Korea Kim Jong-un has expressed support for Assad in face of a growing civil war. [82] Assad blamed the unrest on "conspiracies" and accused the Syrian opposition and protestors of "fitna", breaking with the Syrian Ba'ath Party's strict tradition of secularism. [179], The U.S commander of the coalition forces in Iraq, George W. Casey Jr., accused Assad of providing funding, logistics, and training to insurgents in Iraq to launch attacks against U.S. and allied forces occupying Iraq. Detention centers run by Air Force Intelligence are among the most notorious in Syria, and thousands are believed to have died because of torture or neglect. Damascus Spring and before Civil War: 2000–2011, Since Russian intervention in September 2015, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates, Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War, Russian involvement in the Syrian Civil War, United States Ambassador to the United Nations, blocked intermittently between 2008 and February 2011, United States Ambassador-at-Large for War Crimes Issues, The Fares Center for Eastern Mediterranean Studies, United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs, claimed that God created a people distinguished above all other peoples, Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom to the United Nations, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian Civil War, Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Russia intervened in the Syrian Civil War, "¿Quién es el presidente de Siria Bashar al Assad? [35] In June 2017, she replied to someone's criticism on Twitter by writing: "When a faggot speaks", which was later deleted. After the 2003 Invasion of Iraq, al-Douri allegedly fled to Damascus where he organised the National Command of the Islamic Resistance which co-ordinated major combat operations during the Iraqi insurgency. [183] Assad told The Wall Street Journal in this same period that he considered himself "anti-Israel" and "anti-West", and that because of these policies he was not in danger of being overthrown. ", "Collective Responsibility: Egyptian President Sisi's support for Assad is rooted in UN principles - TOI Blogs", "Egypt denies military presence in Syria", "Egypt's Sisi expresses support for Syria's military", "Egypt reaffirms support for political solution to crisis in Syria", "Egypt Eyes Broad Participation in Syria's Reconstruction", "Egyptian delegation visits Syrian consulate to announce solidarity with Syria", "Assad announces Lebanon troop withdrawal", "Retrait syrien total fin avril au plus tar", "An hour with Syrian president Bashar al-Assad", "Assad considered Hariri's conciliation a mockery", "Assad knew about Samaha plot, video indicates", "Assad: Iran won't attack Israel with nukes", "Syria's Assad seems to suggest backing for Hamas negotiable, leaked cables say", "Syria and Judaism: The disappearance of the Jews", "Polish experience shaped Pope's Jewish relations", "Jews in Damascus Restore Synagogues as Syria Tries to Foster Secular Image", "Assad says Trump travel ban targets terrorists, not Syria's people", "Muslim-majority countries show anger at Trump travel ban", "Report: Iran, North Korea Helping Syria Resume Building Missiles", "North Korea violating sanctions, according to UN report", "White House: Syria reactor not for 'peaceful' purposes", "Syria: North Korean military 'advising Assad regime, "Syria complains to U.N. about Israeli airstrike", "Assad: Syria, North Korea Targeted Over 'Real Independence, "N. Korean army units fighting for Syria regime: al-Zubi", "Blair gets a public lecture on the harsh realities of the Middle East", "Slain Syrian official supported al Qaeda in Iraq", "Al Qaeda 'rat line' from Syria to Iraq turns back against Assad", "Iraq alliances twisted by Syria conflict", "It's Becoming Clear That Assad Fueled The Al-Qaeda Surge That Has Kept Him in Power", "How Isil colluded with Assad to make $40m a month in oil deals", "Is the Assad Regime in League with al-Qaeda? Farzat was hospitalised with fractures in both hands and blunt force trauma to the head. [28] The OPCW-UN Joint Investigative Mechanism concluded in October 2017 that Assad's government was responsible for the Khan Shaykhun chemical attack. Assad's paternal grandfather, Ali Sulayman al-Assad, had managed to change his status from peasant to minor notable and, to reflect this, in 1927 he had changed the family name from Wahsh (meaning "Savage") to Al-Assad.

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